A cikin grid na photovoltaic da aka haɗa inverters, akwai sigogin fasaha da yawa na irin ƙarfin lantarki: matsakaicin ƙarfin shigar da DC, MPPT kewayon ƙarfin aiki, cikakken nauyin ƙarfin lantarki, ƙarfin farawa, ƙimar shigarwar shigarwa, ƙarfin fitarwa, da sauransu. Waɗannan sigogi suna da nasu maida hankali kuma duk suna da amfani .Wannan labarin yana taƙaita wasu batutuwan ƙarfin lantarki na masu juyawa na photovoltaic don tunani da musayar.
Q: Matsakaicin ƙarfin shigar da DC
A: Iyakance matsakaicin matsakaicin buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki na kirtani, ana buƙatar matsakaicin buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki na kirtani ba zai iya wuce matsakaicin ƙarfin shigarwar DC a mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ba.Alal misali, idan buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki na ɓangaren shine 38V, ƙimar zafin jiki shine -0.3%/ ℃, kuma buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki shine 43.7V a debe 25 ℃, to ana iya kafa iyakar 25 kirtani.25 * 43.7=1092.5V.
Q: MPPT aiki ƙarfin lantarki kewayon
A: An ƙera mai inverter don daidaitawa da canjin wutar lantarki na abubuwan da ke faruwa akai-akai.Wutar lantarki na sassan ya bambanta bisa ga canje-canje a cikin haske da zafin jiki, kuma adadin abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin jerin su ma suna buƙatar ƙira bisa takamaiman yanayin aikin.Saboda haka, inverter ya saita kewayon aiki wanda zai iya aiki akai-akai.Mafi girman kewayon ƙarfin lantarki, mafi faɗin aikace-aikacen inverter.
Q: Cikakken ƙarfin lantarki kewayon
A: A cikin kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na inverter, yana iya fitar da ƙarfin da aka ƙididdigewa.Baya ga haɗa kayan aikin hotovoltaic, akwai kuma wasu aikace-aikace na inverter.Inverter yana da matsakaicin matsakaicin shigarwa na yanzu, kamar 40kW, wanda shine 76A.Sai kawai lokacin da ƙarfin shigarwar ya wuce 550V zai iya kaiwa 40kW.Lokacin da ƙarfin shigarwar ya wuce 800V, zafin da ke haifar da asara yana ƙaruwa sosai, wanda ke haifar da inverter yana buƙatar rage fitarwa.Don haka ya kamata a tsara wutar lantarki ta kirtani gwargwadon yuwuwar a tsakiyar cikakken kewayon wutar lantarki.
Q: Farawa irin ƙarfin lantarki
A: Kafin fara inverter, idan abubuwan da aka gyara ba su aiki kuma suna cikin yanayin da'ira mai buɗewa, ƙarfin lantarki zai yi girma sosai.Bayan fara inverter, abubuwan da aka gyara zasu kasance cikin yanayin aiki, kuma ƙarfin lantarki zai ragu.Don hana inverter farawa akai-akai, farawar wutar lantarki na inverter yakamata ya zama mafi girma fiye da ƙaramin ƙarfin aiki.Bayan an fara inverter, ba yana nufin cewa inverter zai sami wutar lantarki nan da nan.Sashin sarrafawa na inverter, CPU, allo da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa suna aiki da farko.Da farko, inverter kai yana duba, sannan yana duba abubuwan da aka gyara da grid ɗin wutar lantarki.Bayan babu matsaloli, mai inverter zai sami fitarwa ne kawai lokacin da ƙarfin hoto ya wuce ƙarfin jiran aiki na inverter.
Matsakaicin ƙarfin shigar da DC ya fi matsakaicin ƙarfin aiki na MPPT, kuma ƙarfin farawa ya fi mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki na MPPT.Wannan shi ne saboda sigogi biyu na matsakaicin ƙarfin shigarwar DC da ƙarfin farawa sun dace da yanayin buɗewa na ɓangaren, kuma buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki na ɓangaren gabaɗaya yana da kusan 20% sama da ƙarfin aiki.
Q: Yadda za a ƙayyade fitarwa ƙarfin lantarki da kuma grid dangane irin ƙarfin lantarki?
A: The DC ƙarfin lantarki ba shi da alaka da AC gefen ƙarfin lantarki, da kuma hankula photovoltaic inverter yana da AC fitarwa na 400VN/PE.Kasancewa ko rashin na'urar watsawa keɓewa baya da alaƙa da ƙarfin fitarwa.Wutar lantarki da aka haɗa inverter tana daidaita halin yanzu, kuma grid ɗin da aka haɗa ƙarfin lantarki ya dogara da ƙarfin grid.Kafin haɗin grid, mai inverter zai gano ƙarfin grid kuma kawai haɗi zuwa grid idan ya cika sharuɗɗan.
Q: Menene dangantakar dake tsakanin shigarwa da ƙarfin fitarwa?
A: Ta yaya aka samu ƙarfin lantarki na grid da aka haɗa photovoltaic inverter a matsayin 270V?
Matsakaicin iyakar ikon bin diddigin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi MPPT shine 420-850V, wanda ke nufin cewa ƙarfin fitarwa ya kai 100% lokacin da ƙarfin DC ya kasance 420V.
Mafi girman ƙarfin lantarki (DC420V) yana canzawa zuwa ingantaccen ƙarfin lantarki na madaidaicin halin yanzu, wanda aka ninka ta hanyar juzu'in juzu'i don samun (AC270V), wanda ke da alaƙa da kewayon ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin lantarki da yanayin fitarwa mai nisa na ɓangaren fitarwa.
Matsakaicin ka'idojin wutar lantarki na 270 (-10% zuwa 10%) shine: mafi girman ƙarfin fitarwa a gefen DC DC420V shine AC297V;Don samun ingantacciyar ƙimar AC297V AC da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na DC (ƙwaƙwalwar wutar lantarki) na 297 * 1.414=420V, lissafin baya zai iya samun AC270V.Tsarin shine: DC420V DC Power PWM (pulse width modulation) ke sarrafa shi bayan kunnawa da kashewa (IGBT, IPM, da dai sauransu), sannan tace don samun wutar AC.
Tambaya: Shin inverters na photovoltaic suna buƙatar ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki ta hanyar tafiya?
A: Nau'in tashar wutar lantarki ta gabaɗaya na'urorin inverters na photovoltaic suna buƙatar ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki ta hanyar aiki.
Lokacin da kurakuran grid ɗin wuta ko hargitsi ke haifar da faɗuwar wutar lantarki a wuraren haɗin grid na gonakin iska, injin turbin na iska na iya ci gaba da aiki cikin kewayon faɗuwar wutar lantarki.Don shuke-shuken wutar lantarki na photovoltaic, lokacin da tsarin wutar lantarki ya faru ko rikice-rikice ya haifar da raguwar wutar lantarki, a cikin wani takamaiman kewayon da tazarar lokaci na raguwar ƙarfin lantarki, shuke-shuken wutar lantarki na iya tabbatar da ci gaba da aiki ba tare da katsewa daga grid ba.
Q: Menene shigarwar ƙarfin lantarki a gefen DC na grid da aka haɗa inverter?
A: Wutar shigar da wutar lantarki a gefen DC na inverter na hoto ya bambanta da kaya.Ƙayyadadden ƙarfin shigarwa yana da alaƙa da wafer silicon.Saboda babban juriya na ciki na bangarorin silicon, lokacin da nauyin halin yanzu ya karu, ƙarfin lantarki na bangarorin silicon zai ragu da sauri.Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a sami fasaha wanda ya zama matsakaicin ikon sarrafawa.Kiyaye ƙarfin fitarwa da halin yanzu na panel silicon a matakin da ya dace don tabbatar da iyakar ƙarfin fitarwa.
Yawancin lokaci, akwai wutar lantarki mai taimako a cikin inverter na photovoltaic.Ana iya farawa da wannan ƙarin wutar lantarki lokacin shigar da wutar lantarki ta DC ya kai kusan 200V.Bayan farawa, ana iya ba da wutar lantarki zuwa da'irar sarrafawa ta ciki na inverter, kuma injin yana shiga yanayin jiran aiki.
Gabaɗaya, lokacin da ƙarfin shigarwar ya kai 200V ko sama, injin inverter zai iya fara aiki.Da farko, ƙara shigar da DC zuwa wani nau'in wutar lantarki, sannan juya shi zuwa wutar lantarki kuma tabbatar da cewa lokaci ya ci gaba da kasancewa, sa'an nan kuma haɗa shi a cikin grid.Inverters yawanci suna buƙatar wutar lantarki ta zama ƙasa da 270Vac, in ba haka ba ba za su iya aiki yadda ya kamata ba.Haɗin grid inverter yana buƙatar halayen fitarwa na inverter shine sifa ta halin yanzu, kuma dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa lokacin fitarwa ya yi daidai da lokacin AC na grid ɗin wutar lantarki.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-15-2024