Kula da samfurori na photovoltaic shine mafi girman garantin kai tsaye don haɓaka ƙarfin wutar lantarki da rage asarar wutar lantarki.Sa'an nan kuma mayar da hankali ga aikin photovoltaic da ma'aikatan kulawa shine koyan ilimin da ya dace na samfurori na hoto.
Da farko, bari in gaya muku game da samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic da kuma dalilin da yasa muke haɓaka ƙarfin wutar lantarki na photovoltaic.Halin da kasar Sin take da shi a halin yanzu muhalli da yanayin ci gabanta, da ci gaba mai girma da rashin kulawa da kuma amfani da albarkatun mai, ba wai kawai ke kara lalata wadannan albarkatu masu daraja ba, har ma da haifar da babbar matsala.Lalacewar muhalli.
Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi girma a duniya wajen samar da kwal da masu amfani da ita, kuma kusan kashi 76% na makamashinta ana samar da ita ne ta hanyar gawayi.Wannan dogaro fiye da kima kan tsarin makamashin mai ya haifar da mummunan tasiri na muhalli, tattalin arziki da zamantakewa.Yawan hakar kwal, sufuri da kone-kone ya haifar da babbar illa ga muhallin kasarmu.Sabili da haka, muna haɓaka amfani da makamashi mai sabuntawa kamar makamashin rana.Wannan zabi ne da babu makawa ga tsaron makamashin kasarmu da ci gaba mai dorewa.
Tsarin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic
Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic ya ƙunshi tsararru na hotovoltaic, akwatin haɗawa, inverter, canjin lokaci, madaidaicin ƙarami, sannan tsarin da ya rage bai canza ba, kuma a ƙarshe ya zo ga grid ɗin wuta ta hanyar layi.Don haka menene ka'idar samar da wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic?
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic shine yafi saboda tasirin photoelectric na semiconductor.Lokacin da photon ya haskaka karfe, duk ƙarfinsa na iya ɗauka ta hanyar lantarki a cikin karfe.Ƙarfin da electron ɗin ke ɗauka yana da girma sosai don shawo kan ƙarfin nauyi a cikin ƙarfe kuma ya yi aiki, yana barin saman ƙarfe kuma ya tsere ya zama Optoelectronics, ƙwayoyin silicon suna da electrons 4 na waje.Idan atom ɗin phosphorus, waɗanda suke atom ɗin phosphorus ɗin atomic tare da na'urorin lantarki na waje guda 5, an ɗora su cikin siliki mai tsafta, an sami nau'in semiconductor na nau'in n.
Idan aka gauraya kwayoyin halitta masu na’urorin lantarki guda uku, irin su boron atom, a hade su cikin siliki zalla domin su samar da wani nau’in p-type, idan aka hada nau’in p-type da n-n-nau’i tare, fuskar sadarwa za ta samar da gibin tantanin halitta ta zama hasken rana. tantanin halitta.
Modulolin hoto
Model na hotovoltaic shine mafi ƙarancin na'urar haɗaɗɗun sel na hasken rana tare da cibiya da haɗin ciki wanda zai iya samar da fitarwar DC kaɗai.Ana kuma kiransa da hasken rana.Model na hoto shine ainihin ɓangaren tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic.Ayyukansa shine yin amfani da tasirin radiation na hoto zuwa hasken rana yana canza wutar lantarki zuwa wutar lantarki ta DC.Lokacin da hasken rana ke haskakawa akan tantanin rana, baturin yana ɗaukar makamashin lantarki don samar da ramukan photoelectron.Ƙarƙashin aikin filin lantarki a cikin baturi, an raba hotunan electrons da spines, kuma tarin cajin alamu daban-daban yana bayyana a ƙarshen baturin.Kuma haifar da matsa lamba mara kyau wanda aka haifar da hoto, wanda shine abin da muke kira tasirin hoto mai ɗaukar hoto.
Bari in gabatar muku da ƙirar siliki na hoto na polycrystalline wanda wani kamfani ya samar.Wannan samfurin yana da ƙarfin aiki na 30.47 volts da ƙarfin kololuwar 255 watts.Ta hanyar ɗaukar makamashin hasken rana, makamashin hasken rana kai tsaye ko a kaikaice yana canzawa zuwa makamashin lantarki ta hanyar tasirin photoelectric ko tasirin photochemical.Samar da wutar lantarki.
Idan aka kwatanta da abubuwan haɗin siliki na monocrystalline, abubuwan haɗin siliki na polycrystalline sun fi sauƙi don ƙira, adana amfani da wutar lantarki, kuma suna da ƙarancin farashin samarwa gabaɗaya, amma ingancin juyawa na photoelectric shima yana da ƙarancin ƙima.
Model na hotovoltaic na iya samar da wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin hasken rana kai tsaye.Suna da aminci kuma amintacce, ba su da hayaniya kuma ba su da gurɓataccen iska, kuma ba su da tsafta kuma ba su da ƙazanta.
Na gaba, muna gabatar da tsarin na'urar kuma mu rushe shi.
Akwatin Junction
Akwatin junction na hotovoltaic shine mai haɗawa tsakanin tsararrun tantanin rana wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan ƙwayoyin rana da na'urar sarrafa cajin hasken rana.Ya fi haɗa makamashin lantarki da ƙwayoyin hasken rana ke samarwa zuwa kewayen waje.
Gilashin zafi
Yin amfani da gilashin mai zafi tare da isar da hasken wuta ya fi dacewa don kare ƙwayoyin batir daga lalacewa, wanda yayi daidai da Jian Bai yana cewa fim din wayar mu mai zafi yana taka rawar kariya.
Encapsulation
Saboda ana amfani da fim ɗin don haɗawa da gyara gilashin zafin jiki da ƙwayoyin baturi, yana da babban nuna gaskiya, sassauci, juriya mai ƙarancin zafi da juriya na ruwa.
Ana amfani da sandar tin galibi don haɗa batura masu inganci da mara kyau don ƙirƙirar da'ira, wanda ke haifar da makamashin lantarki kuma yana kai shi zuwa akwatin mahadar.
Aluminum Alloy Frame
An yi firam ɗin ƙirar ƙirar hoto da alloy na aluminum rectangular, wanda yake da nauyi da nauyi.Ana amfani da shi musamman don kare crimping Layer da kuma taka wani nau'i na hatimi da tallafi, wanda shine ainihin tantanin halitta.
Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Polycrystalline silicon solar Kwayoyin su ne babban bangaren na module.Babban aikin su shine yin canjin hoto da kuma samar da babban adadin makamashin lantarki.Crystalline silicon hasken rana Kwayoyin da abũbuwan amfãni daga low cost da sauki taro.
Jirgin baya
Rubutun baya yana cikin hulɗar kai tsaye tare da yanayin waje a baya na samfurin photovoltaic.Ana amfani da kayan marufi na hotovoltaic musamman don haɗa abubuwan da aka gyara, kare danye da kayan taimako, da keɓe kayan aikin hasken rana daga bel ɗin sake kwarara.Wannan bangaren yana da kyawawan kaddarorin irin su juriya na tsufa, juriya mai ƙarfi, juriya na ruwa, da juriya na iskar gas.Siffofin.
Kammalawa
Babban axis na ƙirar ƙirar hoto yana kunshe da gilashin gilashin da aka rufe da ƙaramin fim, sel, sandunan gwangwani, firam ɗin alloy na aluminum, da akwatunan junction na baya don samar da matosai na SC da sauran manyan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa.
Daga cikin su, ana daidaita ƙwayoyin siliki na crystalline don haɗa sel da yawa gaba da baya don samar da haɗin kai, sannan a kai su zuwa akwatin junction ta bel ɗin bas don samar da na'urar batir mai ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi.Lokacin da aka saita hasken rana akan saman ƙirar, allon yana haifar da halin yanzu ta hanyar canza wutar lantarki., Jagoran halin yanzu yana gudana daga ingantacciyar lantarki zuwa na'urar lantarki mara kyau.Akwai Layer na fim mai girma ɗaya a kan babba da ƙananan ɓangarorin tantanin halitta wanda ke aiki azaman mannewa.Filayen yana da haske sosai kuma yana da saurin juriya.Bayan gilashin takardar baya ce ta PPT wacce aka lullube ta ta hanyar dumama da gogewa.Domin PPT da gilashin suna narke a cikin ɓangaren tantanin halitta kuma suna mannewa cikin gaba ɗaya.Ana amfani da firam ɗin alloy na aluminum don rufe gefen module tare da silicone.Akwai hanyoyin bas a bayan sashin salula.Akwatin jagoran baturi an gyara shi tare da matsanancin zafin jiki.Mun riga mun gabatar da kayan aikin hotovoltaic ta hanyar rarrabawa.Tsarin tsari da ƙa'idar aiki.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-05-2024